The last Lesson Questions Answers ,Explanation Reference to context

The last Lesson Question Answers ,Explanation Reference to context 

The name of the Lesson – The last lesson  (अंतिम अध्याय )

Writer of this Chapter – Alphonse Daudet

Born – 1840

Dead - 1897

The last lesson  - UP and CBSE board Class 12 Chapter 1 The last lesson  Detailed Explanation reference to context of the lesson with summary and meaning of difficult words. In addition, the explanation is followed by a summary of the text. All questions and answers given in the lesson are covered

 

Summary of the lesson

Germany occupied the French territory of Lorraine and Alsace in the war. Berlin ordered Lorraine and Alsace to teach only German instead of the French M. Hamel informs the class my kids this is the last chapter I'm going to read to you Your new teacher will come tomorrow

Once a little boy, Franz, was going to his school, his teacher told the students that he would ask questions on the participle the next day. Franz knew nothing about the participle. So he thought he would be scolded at school when he passed through the town hall when he saw a crowd in front of the notice board. As soon as he reached school, he reached the school. Then the atmosphere of the class was calm, the teacher was wearing formal dress and some villagers were also sitting in the last row of class M . Hemel told that today is the last day of his class, today will be the last chapter of French language. be taught. Now you have to study German in the future. He explained the importance of German language, told its beauty. His language was felt by the students and villagers present in the class. and saddened by the imposition of the German language.

Difficult words

Scolding -  डांट  -  chiding

· Chirp – चहचहाना  -make happy sound

·       In great dread – बहुत सहमा हुआ - great scared

·       In front of -सामने– before

·       Edge – किनारा -boundary, bank

·       Woods -जगल– forest

·       Bulletin -सुचना पट्ट - notice board

·       tempting - आकर्षक - alluring

·       resist -विरोध करना -  oppose

·       lost battles -हारे हुए युद्ध - final war

·       out of breath - हांफते  हुए - painting

·       Hurried of शीघ्रता से - went away Quickly

·       bustle - अफरा -तफरी -Hurried movement

·       rapping -  खटखटाना -knocking

·       draft -सेना में विशेष भर्ती - special recruitment

·       commanding officer - सेनानायक -commandant

·       frilled - झालरदार - ruffled

·       except - सिवाय - not including

·       in plenty of time - बहुत पहले - much earlier

·         all out of breath -हांफते हुए -  sighing

·       So still -बिलकुल शांत  – very quite

·       Counted on - पूरी आशा थी– expected with confidence

·       Commotion - शोरगुल – a state confused and noisy disturbance

·       blushed - झेंपा -ashamed

·       wondering - विचार कर रहा - thinking

·       happened -  घटना घटी took place

·       without you  - तुम्हारी अनुपस्थिति में-   in your absence

·       mounted -  गंभीर - grave

·       tone - अंदाज - way of speaking

·       a while ago -कुछ समय पहले -  some time before

·       Cranky - सनकी -eccentric

·       got mixed up उलझन में पड़ गया - got confused

·       come out-दिखाई -appeared

·       puts off - स्थगित करती है - postpones

·       pretend - दिखावा- show deceitfully

·       a great deal -बहुत अधिक -very much

·       reproach - धिक्कारना -condemn

·       anxious enough - बहुत अधिक चिंतित - very much worried

·       preferred-अधिक पसंद करते थे - tended to chose

·       hold fast - मजबूत -strong firm

·       as if -जैसे की -as though

·       at one stroke - तुरंत - at once

·       round hand -  बड़े अक्षर- large letters

·       go on -बात जारी रखना - continue

• Explanation and Reference and context

1- When i passed ----- plenty of time .

Reference – These lines has been taken from the lesson ‘ The lost lesson ‘ Written by Alphonse Daudet .

Context--  In this passage the narrator describes about his visit scene during the way to school.

Explanation- The narrator was going to school very late that morning . when he passed the town hall then he saw the crowd  infront of the bulletin board. It was the bulletin board  which has brought all there had news for the lost to years .He thought in his mind that what news could have been put up at the board now as he ran hurriedly toward the school , the blacksmith who was also reading the news called behind him that he need not go in such fast as these plenty of time as him to reach school.

2- Usually , when school ---- frightened I was.

Reference : This passage has been  taken from the famous chapter 'The Last lesson  by Alphonse Daudet'.

Context - In this passage the author tells us about the situation in the school that day and the way Franz entered M. Hamel's class.

Explanation - Here the author says that every morning, there was a lot of noise due to the shaking of the desk, the children repeated their lesson and the teachers used to strike the table with rulers, but that day no such sound was coming out of the school and it It looked like the plumb was closed as on Sunday morning. Franz had planned that he would enter without anyone noticing but this did not seem possible.

Franz peered inside his classroom and saw his classmates sitting and M. Hamel, his teacher, walking into the classroom with an iron ruler under his arm. he had to enter the classroom in front of everyone.

3 - May last French ----- cranky he was.

Reference - This  passage has been  taken from the famous chapter, the Last Lesson  by Alphonse Daudet.'

Context - In this passage the author tells us when Franz learned of the last French text. Then he comes to know about his language and the importance of the teacher.

Explanation - Here the author says that Franz was surprised when he found out that this was his last French lesson and that today is his teacher's last day at his school. He realized that he would never get a chance to learn French, his language again. He blames himself for finding the birds' eggs and slipping on the essence. Franz, who feels that his books were heavy to carry, but now they are old friends for him. He becomes very sad for M. Hamel because he will never see her again. He makes his teachers forget all the bad behaviour.

4- your parents were ----- you a holiday ? "

Reference  - The last lesson written by Alphonse Daudet .

Context – This paragraph tells about the blaming by M. Hamel  not studying French .

Explanation – M .Hamel , at the end of the chapter , started to blame everybody including himself for not studying French . he blamed that the parents of the students were never ready and excited to make them  learn . they preferred their kids to work on a farm or at the mills to earn little bit more money . he blamed himself also as he had sent them to water his flower in place of their studies . whenever M. Hamel wanted to go for fishing , he used to give the students a holiday . so everybody was being blamed .      

5- But he had ---- that last lesson !

Reference - This passage has been taken from the famous chapter, the last text by Alphonse Daudet.'

Context - In this passage the author tells us about a teacher who is a character housewife and his way of studying who is an old student of M . Hamel.

Explanation- Here the author says that Franz was mentally prepared for that thunderstorm later. After writing they read history and then young children read the alphabet. An old student of M. Hamel Hauser' was also sitting in the back of the room and he put on his glasses and, holding his primer in both hands, spelled the letters with them. The old Hauser  was crying a lot and his voice was trembling with emotion but Franz found the scene very funny. His way of reading was different. That's why Franz wanted to both laugh and cry.

• Understanding The Text

Question 1-The people in this story suddenly realise how precious there language is to  them  .  what shows you this ?  why does this happen ?

Answer -The German people had won that part of France in the war, which included Lorraine and Alsace.

Then orders come from Berlin that German language will be taught in Lorraine and Alsace and not French.

M . Hemel tells the children in the class that this is the last lesson that I will teach you. There has been an order from Berlin that only German language will be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. Today is my last day of school, from tomorrow a new teacher will come in my place.

These words were like thundering thunder for the students and the people there, when suddenly they realized how valuable their French language is. This shows the importance of their language. French was his mother tongue. This happens when the victor imposes his own language on Visit in place of his mother tongue.

Question 2 - Franz think ,’’ will they make them sing a German ,even the pigeons ? What could this means ?

Answer-The German people have imposed their German language on the people of France. Franz is just a little boy. Doesn't know about the oppression done by the winner to the loser. To destroy the culture of the defeated country, the first step is to impose your language on them.

There are many such cases where the winner has succeeded in eliminating the identity of the defeated people. The Germans will after some time force the people of France to sing in the German language.

While writing practice was going on in the class. Then Franz heard pigeons sitting in the school room muttering in a low voice. Then an idea came to his mind that the Germans would force these pigeons to grumble in the German language. After some time the whole atmosphere changes. Slaves change their voice to please their masters. Then the slaves did not even make this distinction to know in which language the pigeons had gone.

  Talking about the text

Question 1- “ when a people are enslaved , as long as they hold fast to their language it is as if they had the key to their prison,” ?

Answer- Can you think of example in history where the conquered people had their language taken away from them or had a language imposed on them ?

Language plays a very important role for the people of a country in their life. Their mother tongue is the easiest means which they use to express their feelings among themselves. Mother tongue binds everyone in a bond. Mother tongue is the contact language. In adversity, people keep in touch with each other with the help of their language.

When the British had enslaved India, Lord Macaulay imposed the English language on the Indians. All government work was started in English language. Indians started studying English to get government jobs and to work in the court. Which is going on till now. Now the importance of English language has increased everywhere, whether government or private sector

Question 2- What happens to linguistic minority in a state ? how do you think they can keep their language alive ? for example :
Punjabis in Bangalore
Kannagdigas in Delhi
Tamilians in Mumbai
Gujaratis in Kolkata

Answer -Linguistic minorities easily recognized in any state they face discrimination are Delhi and Mumbai. They do not have to face much discrimination in such cities. They keep the language alive in the following way.

Establishing a school of their own language where subjects of their mother tongue should be taught

By reading and disseminating newspapers and magazines of their own language.

By celebrating family events, family festivals and their own festivals collectively.

By communicating with each other and with each other in their own language, news and correspondence.

By encouraging mingling of women.

Question 3- It is possible to carry pride in one’s language too far ? Do you know what ‘linguistic chauvinism’ means  ?

Answer -Linguistic extremism means excessive or partiality or loyalty to one's own language. This creates a protest that our language is superior to all languages. Or the protest is biased.

The question of national language came in the Constituent Assembly, which language should be given this status, English or Hindi.

Do not agree in favour of both the languages. Purushottam Tandon, who was presiding over the Constituent Assembly, put his vote in favour of Hindi. There was a wave of happiness among the supporters of Hindi. Many youths burnt their self in protest against the Hindi national language. The sign board written in English was sooted, as a result of which there was a malpractice in the states. Later linguistic states were created during the reign of Pandit Nehru.

The issue of the national language created a ruckus in the minds of the people of the southern states that Hindi enthusiasts wanted to assert the rights of the other states of India.

• WORKING WITH WORD

Question  1- English is language that contains words from many other language . This inclusiveness is one of the reason it is now a world language .

·        For example 

     Petite                    French

    Kindergarten        German

    Capital                  Latin

     Democracy           Greek

      Bazar                   Hindi

    -Find out the origins of the following words

Tycoon       Barbecue     Zero        Tulip       Veranda

Ski             Logo            Robot      Trek         Bandicoot

·        Answer-

·        Tycoon              Japanese 

      Barbecue           Spanish

·        Zero                 French

·        Tulip                 French

·        Veranda             Hindi

·        Ski                      Norwegian

      Logo                   Greek

·        Robot                 Czech

·        Trek                    Dutch

·        Bandicoot           Telegu

Question 2 - Notice the underline words in these sentences and tick the option that best explains their meaning.

(a) What a thunderclap these words were to me ! the words were

(1) Loud and clear  (2) Starling and unexpected (3) plesant  and welcome

Answer - Starling and unexpected

(B) "When a people are enslaved, as long as the hold fast to their language it is as if they had the key to their prison "

It is as if they have the key to the prison as long as they

(1) do not lose their language

(2) Are attached to their language

(3) Quickly learn the conqueror's language

Answer - Are attached to their language

(c)  Don't go so fast , you will get to your school in plenty of time

You will get to your school

(1) Very late (2) Too early  (3 ) early enough

Answer - 3 Early Enough

(d) I never saw his look so tall

M. Hamel   (1) Had grown physically tallar

(2) Seemed very confident

(3) Stood on the chair

Answer- 2- Seemed very confident.

• Short Answer Type Question

Question 1- What was the bulletin-board ? How was it important ?

Answer- Bulletin board near the town hall was the center of information. For the past two years all the bad news comes from the bulletin board as the losers battle the draft, commanded by the commanding officer.

Question 2- What did M. Hamel Say When Franz reached to the school?

Answer - When Franz reached the school he saw that they were all silent and he was scared. But M Hamel said affectionately to him, "Go home early, little Franz.

Question 3- What did M. Hamel speak first in the class that day about the last lesson ? 

Answer -M. Hamel said that it French  the best language of the world. We should protect it very cleanly and wisely and never forget it.

Question4- what did Franz think after hearing about the lesson ?

Answer - Franz was deeply saddened to hear about that last lesson and these words sounded like thunder to him. He was very sorry because he had not learned enough about the French language.

Question 5- Did Franz recite the participle ? how?

Answer - Franz did not recite the participle. He had not learned the rules of the participle. He wanted to read without mistake. But he got mixed up on the first outfit.

 

Question 6- Whom did M. Hamel blame for the ignore in studies ? why ?

Answer - M Hemel blamed Franz's parents and he himself for the poor conditions in the study because his parents were not there and you were worried enough to know that they would let you work on a farm in the mills like to do. And 9 out of 10 sent you to irrigate my flower instead of learning your lesson.

Question 7- What did M. Hamel say about the language and its importance?

Answer-- M. Hamel said that the French language was the most beautiful language in the world. It was the clearest and most logical language.

 

Question 8- What did Franz think about the pigeon ? why ?

Answer - Franz though about the dove, "will they sing them in German," because the dove on the roof was little tolerated and the German language was forcibly imposed.

 

Question 9-What did M. Hamel observe there at last ?

Answer - M Hamel first looked at one thing, then at another, as if he wanted to decide in his mind what everything looked like in that little school room.

 

Question 10- What happened when church - clock struck twelve ?

Answer- When the church rang at twelve o'clock at that very moment the Prussian trumpet returning from the drill was heard under the windows. Hamel stood up, very pale in his chair. he returned to the black-board and wrote.

Vive la France"

Question – 11 what was Franz apprehensive of ?

Answer- Franz's teacher had asked the student to prepare a lesson on the participants but he knew nothing about them. Also, he was late for school, so he thought he would be scolded. he was apprehensive about .

Question -12 why was there a large crowd in front the bulletin board ?

Answer – The bulletin board used to inform the people of the battles lost or the orders of the commanding officers. There was a huge crowd in front of the bulletin-board to read the latest news. The news was that he had to study German instead of French in his schools..

Question -13 how did the people in Alsace put off learning ?

Answer The people of Alsace did not pay due attention to the study of their language. They thought they had plenty of time and that they would learn tomorrow. This is how he deferred his education.

Question- 14 When did M. Hamel finish his last lesson ?

Answer – He finished his last recitation when the church clock struck twelve and the Prussian trumpet sounded under the window.

Questions-15 Why was M. Hamel constantly looking at various things in the room ?

Answer – He was constantly looking at different things in the room as he wanted to decide in his mind what everything looked like in that little school room.

Question- 16 what did the author do when he was not learning his lesson ?

Answer- The author was not keen on his studies. When he was not learning his lesson, he would look for the eggs of birds or slip on the heads.

Questions-17  how did the author come to know that it was the last lesson in French ?

Answer – The teacher told the students that orders had come from Berlin to teach only German at the school in Alsace and Lorraine and that this was their last lesson in French.

Question  -18  how will the German reproach the French ?

Answer – They would reprimand the French, saying that they pretended to be French ants, yet could neither speak nor write their own language.

Question 19 – What did M . Hamel ask Franz to do when he entered the class ?

Answer – When Franz entered the classroom, M. Hamel gently asked him to rush to his place as they were starting without him.

Questions 20 – why were villagers sitting on the back benches of the class that day ?

Answer - The villagers were sitting on the back bench of the class because they were sorry that they had not gone to school. They also want to think of M. Hamel for his long and faithful service.

Question 21- what was the conditions of Franz when his name was called in the class ?

Answer- When Franz's name was called in the class, his heart was beating and he did not dare to look because he knew nothing about the rules of the participants.

Question 22- How did M. Hamel blame for Franz ‘s not learning French ?

Answer - M. Hamel blamed himself for Franz not learning French because he often sent her to water his flowers instead of learning his lesson. M Hamel even gave Franz a break when he wanted to go fishing.

Question 23- what looked like little flag floating everywhere in the school room ?

Answer – For the written text, M. Hamel had new copies for the students, a beautiful round hand written in France. Alsace, France Alsace. They looked like little flags floating all over the school room. The top of his desk hung from the street.

Question 24- why did Franz praise the courage of M .Hamel ?

Answer _ Franz praised M. Hamel's courage as he and his family had to leave the country the next day. Even though his heart was broken to leave it, but he was teaching everything as per the timetable with great patience.

Question25 – who was Wachter ? why did he call after Franz ?

Answer – The watcher was a blacksmith. He was reading the news in the bulletin. He called after Franz not cry un so fast that he would reach his school in no time.

Question 26- how did M. Hamel wish his country before the close the school that day ?

Answer – M. Hamel turned to the blackboard, took a piece of chalk, and with all his might, he wrote as big as he could: Vive la France.

Question 27 – What was M. Hamel doing when Franz saw through the window of his classroom ?

Answer – When Mania looked out of his classroom window, M. Hamel was walking up and down with his terrifying iron ruler under his arm.

Question 28- What did M . Hamel say to the students as the time of dismissing the class ?

Answer- When dismissing the class, M. Hamel did not say anything to the students as he became emotional. He leaned his head against the wall and gestured with his hand without a word "School is dismissed - you can go" “ .

Question 29 – what a thunderclap these word were to me ! “- which were the words that shocked and surprised Franz ?

Answer – word m. Hamel which shocked and surprised Franz - "My children this is the last lesson I will give you. The order to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine came from Berlin. This is your French lesson

·   Long Answer Type Question

Question 1- Why was Franz running toward school that day ? what did he notice during the way ?

Answer - Franz was running to school that day because he had started going to school very late that morning and was very afraid of being scolded, especially because M. Hamel had said that he would question the participants and ask them to There was no initial knowledge about it. On the way he saw that the day was very hot and bright. Birds were chirping along the shore and in the woods, and Prussian soldiers were digging in the open field behind the sawmill.

Question 2 -what was the scene inside the class when Franz reached the school ?

Answer - When Franz arrived at the school, the view inside the class was spectacular; He noticed that his classmates had already taken his place. His teacher, M. Hamel, was running up and down with his formidable iron ruler under his arm. Franz had to open the door and go in front of everyone. He blushed and got scared. M. Hamel looked at him and said very kindly. "Go to your place little Franz. The whole school next to it looked strange and solemn. But what surprised him most was that on the back benches which were always empty, the people of the village sat exactly like themselves Were.

Question3 - How did the announcement of the last lesson affect Franz ?

Answer- The announcement of the last lesson affected Franz like a thunderbolt. Franz felt very sorry. He regretted that he had lost his time searching for the birds' eggs. His forms became the old friend , which he could not give up. He forgets all about his ruler and M. .Hamel's rude behaviour .

Question 4- In which way did M. Hamel blame himself and other for the negligence of the study of French language ?

Answer - M. Hamel blamed himself and others for the carelessness of the grossness of the French language because M. Hamel himself had sent Franz to water his flower, instead of learning the lesson. He also gave Franz a break when he wanted to go fishing. M. Hamel also alleged that his parents were not keen on educating him. They wanted him to work in a farm or a mill to earn a little money. Franz himself did not want to go to school but wanted to enjoy the day.

Question 5- What happened at last ? How did M. .Hamel last the class ?

Answer - At last there was silence all around in the class. Teacher M. Hamel was very patient in explaining everything. He was looking at everything and wanted to fix them in his mind. Finally M . Hamel turned to the black board, a piece of chalk and he wrote.

"Vive La French"

Then he stopped and leaned his head against the wall and without a word, he signaled with his head - "School is dismissed - you can go"

This is how M .Hamel ended the class .

Means France zindabad.

 

 

Question 6 - Why was Franz running towards school that day ? what did notice during the way ?

Answer - Because of school delays, Franz was going to school very fast. He was absolutely scared of being scolded. Because his teacher M Hemel had said that he would ask him the question of the participles. And Franz didn't even know the first word about him. On the way he saw the chirping of a bird that was sitting on the edge of the twigs. Behind him, he saw the Purusian soldier practicing. He was more attractive to the participle. When he passed the town hall, he was called by the blacksmith, the bachar, who, along with his assistants, was folded.

Question 7- what was the inside the class when Franz reached to school ?

Answer- When he reached school, he found everything calm as on Sunday. He saw all the people sitting in their places. And M. Hamel is walking back and forth with his horror stick, he sees the people of the village sitting peacefully with old housers , former postmasters, and many other people. Everything was quiet that day.

Questions 8- How did the announcement of the last lesson affected Franz ?

Answer- The announcement of the last lesson deeply affected Franz. Those words were a blow to him and he began to think about his mother tongue, French. He thought he hardly knew how to write and he would never be able to learn more. He was feeling sad for not remembering his lessons. His books which were troubled a while back. Which was very difficult to carry. His grammar and the history of his great men, remember him to his old friends. He thought that his teacher was going away from him that he would never see them. He forgot his scythe, which was very tough, these things made a huge impact on Franz. And that day Franz realized the importance of his native language .

Questions 9- inn which way did M. Hamel blame himself and others for the negligence of the study of French language ?

Answer- M Hamel did not scold Franz. He said that he must feel very bad. He was very sad. He said that from where they have come. He said all of them had too much to disdain. M Hamel accused his parents of not being eager to teach him. He asked the student to go to some mill or farm to work for little money. M Hamel accused the student. Why did you postpone your studies? He used to say that there is a lot of time and he himself was also accused by M Hamel. Because they used to give them a break to water the flowers and go fishing, in this way M. Hamel accused everyone of ignoring the French language.

Questions 10- What happened at last ? how did M. Hamel last the class ?

Answer- At last the church clock struck twelve and then Angelus. Prussian trumpets returning from the drill began to sound under their windows. M. Hamel stood up. He was looking very pale. He got tired of saying something but something choked his throat. In fact he was unable to speak because of the pain of parting and the last day in that city. Therefore, he could not speak any more. Then he turned to the blackboard, took a piece of chalk and wrote as much as he could - "Vive la France!" Then he stopped and leaned his head against the wall, and without a word, pointed to them with his hand - School is over - you can go.

Questions 11-why was it so difficult for the teacher to leave his school ?

Answer- the teacher M .Hamel  had been in school for forty  years . His garden was outside the window and his class was in front of him . the same desk and the bench were there in the class room only they had been warn smooth . the walnut trees in the garden had grown taller . he had planted the hopvine himself . it had twined about the window to the roof, lively – thing around him had very long and close associations with him . his sister was busy packing in the room above . he could hear his sister  moving about . it was very difficult for him to dissociate himself from all these things for they had been part and parcel of his life .

Questions 12 –  what is your opinion about the title of the lesson ‘ The last lesson ‘ ?

Answer In my opinion the title of the lesson 'The Last Lesson' is quite appropriate. In the lesson M. Hamel is a very dedicated French teacher at a school in Alsace. Lesson M. Hamel's Last Day in the Classroom offers a very vivid description of the last lesson. The text presents a very emotional view of M. Hamel's description. An order came from Berlin banning the teaching of French. According to the order, only German was to be taught in the schools in Alsace and Lorraine. Addressing the student, he said, "My children, this is my last lesson in French." In his last he taught so well that every student was attentive to him. And every body enjoyed its orbit.