Class 11 English Discovering Tut The Saga Continues Explanation

 Class 11 English Discovering Tut The Saga Continues  Explanation With Reference to Context

Discovering Tut The Saga Continues  - Up CBSE board Class 11 Chapter 3 Discovering Tut The Saga Continues  Detailed Explanation of the lesson with summary and meaning of difficult words.

The name of the Lesson Discovering Tut The Saga

Writer of this Chapter- A. R Williams  

About the Author------

A.  R Williams has been special in science and culture heritage. She was awarded many times. She devoted herself to solve ancient mysterious of the world.

About the lesson ------

Once upon a time a great civilization flourished in Egypt. At that time, a powerful royal family ruled over Egypt. The majestic tombs were left. The rulers were mummified. Tut was the last ruler of the royal family. Howard carter discovered his tomb.

    

 Explanation with reference to context the following passage:

1-All afternoon……. Really true.

Reference – These line have been taken from the lesson Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues written by the author ‘A. R Williams’.

Context- In these line author has tried to describe scene when the mummy of tut was being carried out from the burial chamber.

Explanation- all afternoon, tourists visited the 26 feet deep, underground rock- cut tomb to pay respect to king. Many people stuffed into the small tomb and looked in admiration at the murals on the walls of the chamber and took a look at the face of tut that had been painted with gold. While visitors read the guidebooks in a hushed tone, some stood silently, wondering about his untimely death in his teen years. They might also be wondering if the course of the pharaoh which leads to the descends of misfortune upon the person who disturbs him is true.

2-The sum can … remains. 

Reference – These line have been taken from the lesson Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues written by the author ‘A. R Williams’.

Context- In these line The author has tried to explain what had been done by the carter to loosen the resins and how he used the heat of sun.

Explanation- Carter to loosen the resins by keeping the body in the hot sun. He kept the mummy in 149 degree Fahrenheit heat for several hours but still, it remained stuck. He reported that a chisel could be used to cut down the mummy from the limbs and the struck so that Tut’s body could be taken out of the coffin.

3-King Tut’s demise…….. Unclear.

 Reference – These line have been taken from the lesson Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues written by the author ‘A. R Williams’.

Context- in these lines author talks about the death og the Tut and his funeral was the death rattle of the dynasty.

Explanation- His death was a shock to the royals also as he was the last person of his family and his funeral indicated the diminishment of dynasty. However, What happened after his death is still not clear.

4- ACT machine ……..so long

Reference – These line have been taken from the lesson Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues written by the author ‘A. R Williams’.

Context- In these lines the author has tried to explain how 1700 digital X- rays were taken of mummy and its forensic investigation was done.

Explanation- The CT scan machine scanned the body by creating 1700 digital X-rays in cross- section. Tuts’s head was scanned in 0.62 mm slice to records to records the tiny details. the resulting image was very strange. A team of radiology, forensics and anatomy experts started examining the secrets of the grave that had been protected by flying goddesses for a long time.

  Summary of the lesson 

AR Williams is the author of this chapter. In addition, this chapter is about Tutankhamun, the last successor of the great Pharaoh dynasty. He died in his teens after ruling for 9 years. His death gave rise to a mystery. This chapter talks about all the possible mysteries: the curse, where is his grave, his whole life and finally his death. Discovering Tut: The Saga's ongoing synopsis will give you all the facts and information about Tut's death.

 

Tutankhamun was the last leader of the great Pharaoh dynasty. He died when he was young. According to some, his death was a murder. In the year 1922, his tomb was uncovered by an archaeologist Howard Carter. After 80 years, he was taken for a CT scan to solve the mystery of his life and death through forensic reconstruction.

 

His father or grandfather, Amenhotep III, was a very powerful pharaoh ruler over a period of 40 years. In addition, his son, Amenhotep IV, succeeded him and began the strangest period in Egyptian history. His name was changed to Akhenaten which means servant of Athens. He changed the religious capital from Thebes to Amarna. He later attacked Amun, a deity, ruining his images and closing down his temples. Another mysterious ruler flourished him who died very soon. Tutankhamun came to power and ruled for 9 years.

 

When Tut's mummified body was found, he had a lot of gold and money. Carter found her after so many years. After researching the treasures, he plans to examine his 3 nested boxes. Many parts of the treasure kept in the tomb were already lost.

 

His tomb was found rock-cut 26 feet below the ground, which also contained some wall paintings. This suggests that it was suppressed in the months of March or April. One of the coffins hit Carter in trouble. The gums were taut in the lowest part of the solid gold. The coffin was so hard that it became impossible to remove it. He put the box in the sun for several hours to lose the resin but it didn't work.

 

Finally, he removed the adhesive with a chisel and hammer. Carter thought he had no choice but to take the mummy apart, the thieves must have robbed the gold and treasure. Her men first removed the mummy's head, then they cut off every joint. After the process of removing all the parts of the body, they placed it on a layer of sand. He put the parts in a wooden box and put them in their original place.

 

Later, in January 2009, the body was taken for a CT scan which takes hundreds of X-rays and produces a 3D image. After the scan that night, the workers threw his body in a box near the grave. They went through ramps and stairs and lifted the body onto a hydraulic trailer that had a scanner. The scanner suddenly stopped working and the CT scan process stopped. After using a few extra fans, the scan was finally complete. After 3 hours, they shifted his body back to his grave, where his body is now resting peacefully.

By the time we exited the trailer, the metal stairs descended into the sandy ground, the wind had stopped. The winter air in this valley of the dead was cold and still like death. Just above Tut's tomb stood Orion – the constellation that looked upon Boy king – the spirit of the ancient Egyptians Osiris, the god of the afterlife.

Understanding the text

Question 1- Give reason for the following

1- King Tut’s body has been subjected  to reapted secriotny.

Answer - The mummy of the king Tutankhamun has earned world wide fame for the riches was the buried with. There is also speculation about the manner of his death and his age at the time of death. Hence king Tut’s body has been subjected to repeated scrutiny.

2- Howard carter’s investigation was resented .

Answer- Howard carter’s investigation was resented  because he used unscientific method and illegitimate ways. He was focusing more on treasure and less on culture and historical aspects .

3-   Carter had to chisel away the solidified resins to raise the king’s remains.

Answer-Carter found that the  ritual resins has hardened. The result was that Tut’s body hasd been cemented to the bottom of his solid gold coffin.Proper force could not move the resins. Even the scorching sun failed to loosen the resins. So

 4.Tut’s body was buried along  with gilded treasures.

Answer-The people of ancient Egypt believed in resurrection of the dead. Their king was extremely rich. So Tut’s body was buried with gilded  treasures. Their eternal brilliance was meant to guarantee resurrection. Things of everyday use were also buried with the king

5. The boy king  changed his name from Tutankhaten to tuankhamum   he got resins chiselled away to raise the king’s remains.  

Answer- Tutankhamum means “living image of  Amun.” He was a major god in ancient Egypt. King Amenhotep IV who changed his name to Akhenaten smashed the images of Amun and got his temples closed . Tut oversaw a restoration of the old ways. He changed his name to express his belief in Amun.

2- .1- List the deeds that led Ray Johnson to  describe Akhenaten as “wacky”.

Answer- Akhenaten means the servant of the Ateni.e.i.  the sun disk. He moved th religious capital form the old city of the Thebes to the new city of  Akhenaten, known now as Amarna . He  smashed  the images of Amun, a major  God and closed his templates. These deeds led Ray Johnson to describe Akhenaten as ‘Wacky”.

2. What  were the results of the CT scan?

Answer- The results of the CT scan were quite encouraging, 1700 digital X-ray images in cross- section were created. A grey head appeared on screen . Neck vertebrae were quite clear. The images of hand ribcage and  skull were equally bright. These revealed the nothing had gone seriously wrong with Tut’s  body.

8- List advance in technology that have improved forensic analysis.

Answer- The advances in technology have helped improving  forensic analysis. Many scientific tests can be carried out to determine the causes of crime. These include X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan,  post mortem autopsy and biopsy. All these help in diagnosis and provide exact information.

3-Explain the statement, “king Tut is one of the first mummies to be  scanned—in death, as in life…..”

Answer- King Tut’s mummy was the first one to be X-rayed by an anatomy Professor in 1968.On January,2005 CT scan created virtual reality and produced life- like images. King Tut is one of the first mummies to be  scanned. Thus in death as well as in life Tut moved regally  ahead of his countrymen.

About talking the text

Question 1- Scientific intervention is necessary to unearth buried mysteries.

Answer(1)- In favour 1- Scientific intervention is necessary to know the buried mysteries to answer doubts and to know the truths involved.

(2) Doing so would reveal the capability of machine.

Against- doing So would open up more complicated doubts.

(2) it would cause unnecessary expenditure and working hours.

Question-2 Advanced technology gives us conclusive evidence of the past  events.

 Answer (2)-   In Favour:-  By doing so the dependability on machines and technology becomes solid Knowledge  become wider which leads to the benefits   for humanity.

Against -:  Doing so would hardly lead to solving any problems relating to human life .These problems relate to sustaining human life

 Question-3  Traditions rituals  and funerary must be respected.

Answer.(3)  In Favour:- (1) It enriches our old age culture to reverse the dead.

(2)  Knowing about these would let the humanity know how civilizations progressed.

Against-: (1) Certain superstitions would be laid bare.

 (2) Scientific thinking away from old beliefs would help in progress of civilization.

 Question-4 Knowledge about the past is useful to complete our knowledge of the world we live in

Answer (4) In favour:-  (1)  These would  help us to make human life better.

(2)  Certain good things can be adopted.

Against (1) Going to dig out buried things helps in no way to solve the present problems.

(2) It would mean wasteful expenses in things which have little advance to the modern times

                          Thinking About Language

Question -1. Read  the following piece of information from The Encyclopedia  of language by David Crystal.

( Egyptian is now extinct: its history dates form before the third millennium B.C.,  preserved  in many hieroglyphic  Inscriptions and papyrus manuscripts. Aroud the second century A.D.,  it developed into a languageknown as Coptic may still have been used as late  as the  early nineteenth century and is still used as a religious language by Monophysite Christians in Egypt.)

Answer.  Do it yourself.

Question 2. What do you think are the reason for the extinction of  languages ?

 Answer . A Language become extinct when its use is restricted to certain classes or categories of people.   Secondly, the harshness of rule and lack of flexibility in usage contribution to the extinctions of language.

Question 3- What do you think are the reason foe the extinction of language?

Answer- A language become extinct when its use is restricted to certain classes or categories of people. secondly, the harshness of rule and lack of flexibility in uses contribute to the extinction of language .

Question 4- Do you think it is important to preserve language?

Answer- I think it is the important to preserve language. Various language are the vehicles of thoughts and medium of interaction between the users of that language and the outside world a language has intimate connection with the lives, culture civilization of the people and reflects their kings.

Question 5- In what di you think we could prevent the extinction of language and dialects?

Answer- Certain steps must be taken to help prevent the extinction of language and dialects. The most important is to encourage its use. a language thrives as long as it is used by masses . measure should be taken to propagate