Indigo Class 12 Explanation Reference To The Context

 

Indigo Class 12 Explanation Reference To  Context              

    1 - Under an ancient  .....  speak to Gandhi

Reference – This excerpt is taken from the chapter 'indigo ' by Louis Fischer.

Context- This line tells about a farmer Rajkumar Shukla who went to Gandhiji.

Explanation – There was an ancient system implemented by the zamindars in Champaran which made farmers sharecroppers. He had to grow crops there on the share of the zamindar, who was the farmer Rajkumar Shukla. He was not educated but was determined to his will. Out of thousands of farmers, he came to the Congress session in Champaran, Bihar to complain about the injustice of the zamindar system and, presumably, someone advised him to talk to Gandhi, which meant that only Gandhi could solve the problem. could do.

2 2- The news of Gandhi ‘s ......size of their fee .

Reference- This excerpt is taken from the chapter 'Indigo' by Louis Fischer.

Context- In this line the poet has said that this part tells about the arrival of Gandhi and its effects on the sharecroppers.

Explanation - When Gandhi reached Muzaffarpur with Prince Shukla, the news of his arrival spread very fast among the sharecroppers of Muzaffarpur and the north of Champaran had such a deep impact that the sharecroppers of all the surrounding villages started reaching there on foot to see the champion. . Lawyers from Muzaffarpur told Gandhiji about the whole incident and his role as he was representing the farmer in the court, the lawyers explained to Gandhiji in detail about the cases and fees charged by him from the poor farmers. .

3 -Gandhi protested again ....... asked penalty due .

Reference – This excerpt is taken from the chapter 'indigo' by Louis Fischer.

Context --- In this line the poet said about Gandhiji's protest and his solution and decision in court.

Explanation - Gandhiji was opposing the delay in the decision in the court. He had to read a statement to admit his guilt. He declared that he was involved in a conflict of duties. He did not want to be called a law breaker and on the other hand fulfilled his resolve to serve humanity and the nation. He came there for the same goal. He forbade the Tirhut division not to go against the government order, but to go against his inner conscience, the higher law of our existence. Gandhiji asked about the punishment that he had to pay for his offense of disobeying the order.

4 –They thought he would ..... breaking the deadlock .

Reference – This excerpt is taken from the chapter 'indigo' by Louis Fischer.

Context --- This passage describes how he created a stalemate between Gandhiji and the representative of the stalled planters.

Explanation- When the meeting was held to settle the matter, the British thought that Gandhiji, as the representative of the farmer, would demand the refund of the entire money which those zamindars had illegally and fraudulently collected from the sharecroppers. Gandhiji demanded a return to 50 per cent. Jay Z. Hodge wrote that Gandhiji was strict for percent. Jay Z. Hodge was a British missionary who was watching the whole incident very closely. But the representative of the zamindars thought that Gandhiji would not back down from 50 per cent, so he offered 25 per cent refund and surprisingly Gandhiji seemed ready to that offer. And thus, the long-running impasse was broken and thus the conflict came to a halt.

5- Health condition were ...... plus castor oil.   

Reference – This excerpt is taken from the chapter 'indigo' by Louis Fischer.

Context - In this line the poet has said that we are informed through this excerpt that how Gandhiji worked for the state of health in Champaran.

Explanation – The health condition in Champaran was very pathetic. There were no facilities there. For the betterment, Gandhi arranged for a doctor to volunteer his service for six months. Three drugs were prescribed - castor oil quinine and sulfur ointment. Those whose tongues were covered were given castor oil, those with malarial fever were given quinine with castor oil, and those whose skin was somehow cracked were given sulfur ointment with castor oil had gone. Was determined.

Understanding The Text 

Question 1- Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning - point in his life? 

Answer - The Champaran episode gives Gandhi a deep insight into the problems of the poor farmer. He found them frightened. They were being crushed. Gandhi came to the conclusion that the court of law could not give justice to the sharecropper. Therefore it was not right to take such a matter to the courts.

Farmers knew Gandhi's record in South Africa. Little did they hear that a Mahatma who wanted to help them was in trouble with the authorities. Thousands of farmers spontaneously demonstrated around the Court House where Gandhi was called as a convict. The officers felt powerless. He sought Gandhi's cooperation to control the crowd. Gandhi was polite and friendly. Gandhi was giving concrete evidence to the authorities that his strength, which had hitherto been formidable and undeniable, could be challenged by the Indians.

Question -2 How was Gandhi able to influence  lawyers ? Give influence .?

Answer- Rajendra Prasad, Brij Kishore Mahesh Babu Maulana Muzharhul Haque and many other famous lawyers had arrived from Bihar. He opposed Gandhi.

First example - Gandhiji asked him what would he do if he was sent to jail, the senior lawyer replied that he would go home. Gandhi demanded what about the injustice done to the sharecroppers. After this the lawyers discussed. They came to Vagandhi and told him that they were ready to follow him to jail.

Another example - Gandhi's lawyer friends thought it would be a good idea for Andrew to stay in Champaran and help him. But Gandhi was strongly opposed. He said, "The reason is justified and you must rely on yourself to win the fight. You should not speak a prop at Mr. Andrews because he is an Englishman.

Question 3- What was the attitude of the average Indian in smaller localities towards advocates of homes rule "?

Answer- Gandhi stayed at Professor Malkani's house in Muzaffarpur for two days.

Mr. Malkani was a government teacher. Gandhi remarked that in those days it was unusual for a government professor to accommodate someone like me in the house.

But it was totally different for the average Indian living in a very small space, every part of his mind completely enslaved, it was completely impossible for him to imagine that he would one day be the ruler of his country. . The slavery coating on their skulls did not dispel the idea that the average Indian living in very small places was afraid to show sympathy. Their slavery, poverty and illiteracy were responsible for such unfortunate attitude. 

Question 4- How do you know that ordinary people too contributed to the freedom movement ?

Answer- By what Gandhiji did, he tried to mold a new independent Indian who could stand on his own feet and thus make India independent. This new independent Indian from the masses - common man, woman and child.

The first thing in the independent movement was freedom from the fear of the British people. Ordinary people followed Gandhi because they knew that he was their savior and savior. When the farmers of Motihari learned that the government was harassing their guard, they came in thousands and demonstrated around the court where Gandhi had met. Pond done. This impromptu demonstration was the beginning of the independent fear of the British.

The history of India's freedom movement is full of examples where common people came and took part in the movement.

      

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